程序员如何自己new一个对象
https://www.ciphermagic.cn/java8-builder.html
法度榜样员经常会碰到魂魄拷问:你有对象吗?
没有,但我可以 new 一个!
public class GirlFriend {
private String name;
private int age;
// 省略 getter & setter 。..
public static void main(String[] args) {
GirlFriend myGirlFriend = new GirlFriend();
myGirlFriend.setName(“小美”);
myGirlFriend.setAge(18);
}
}
没问题,老铁!但假如对象的属性太多,咋办?
public class GirlFriend {
private String name;
private int age;
private int bust;
private int waist;
private int hips;
private List《String》 hobby;
private String birthday;
private String address;
private String mobile;
private String email;
private String hairColor;
private Map《String, String》 gift;
// 等等等等 。..
// 省略 getter & setter 。..
public static void main(String[] args) {
GirlFriend myGirlFriend = new GirlFriend();
myGirlFriend.setName(“小美”);
myGirlFriend.setAge(18);
myGirlFriend.setBust(33);
myGirlFriend.setWaist(23);
myGirlFriend.setHips(33);
myGirlFriend.setBirthday(“2001-10-26”);
myGirlFriend.setAddress(“上海浦东”);
myGirlFriend.setMobile(“18688888888”);
myGirlFriend.setEmail(“pretty-xiaomei@qq.com”);
myGirlFriend.setHairColor(“浅棕色带点微卷”);
List《String》 hobby = new ArrayList《》();
hobby.add(“逛街”);
hobby.add(“购物”);
hobby.add(“买器械”);
myGirlFriend.setHobby(hobby);
Map《String, String》 gift = new HashMap《》();
gift.put(“恋人节礼品”, “LBR 1912女王时代”);
gift.put(“诞辰礼品”, “迪奥烈焰蓝金”);
gift.put(“纪念日礼品”, “阿玛尼红管唇釉”);
myGirlFriend.setGift(gift);
// 等等等等 。..
}
}
GirlFriend{name=‘小美’
, age=18
, bust=33
, waist=23
, hips=33
, hobby=[逛街, 购物, 买器械]
, birthday=‘2001-10-26’
, address=‘上海浦东’
, mobile=‘18688888888’
, email=‘pretty-xiaomei@qq.com’
, hairColor=‘浅棕色带点微卷’
, gift={恋人节礼品=LBR 1912女王时代, 诞辰礼品=迪奥烈焰蓝金, 纪念日礼品=阿玛尼红管唇釉}
}
GirlFriend 是很美,但写起来也太麻烦了吧。
说说缺点:实例化和设置属性分开,不好保护;变量名反复写。
莫慌,看法宝~
这里不再介绍其他 Builder 实现方法,直接祭出最实用的通用Builder:
实用于所有类,不须要改革本来类,不须要 lombok 插件支撑。
先看看应用姿势:
public class GirlFriend {
// 省略属性 。..
// 省略 getter & setter 。..
// 为了演示便利,加几个聚合办法
public void addHobby(String hobby) {
this.hobby = Optional.ofNullable(this.hobby).orElse(new ArrayList《》());
this.hobby.add(hobby);
}
public void addGift(String day, String gift) {
this.gift = Optional.ofNullable(this.gift).orElse(new HashMap《》());
this.gift.put(day, gift);
}
public void setVitalStatistics(int bust, int waist, int hips) {
this.bust = bust;
this.waist = waist;
this.hips = hips;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
GirlFriend myGirlFriend = Builder.of(GirlFriend::new)
.with(GirlFriend::setName, “小美”)
.with(GirlFriend::setAge, 18)
.with(GirlFriend::setVitalStatistics, 33, 23, 33)
.with(GirlFriend::setBirthday, “2001-10-26”)
.with(GirlFriend::setAddress, “上海浦东”)
.with(GirlFriend::setMobile, “18688888888”)
.with(GirlFriend::setEmail, “pretty-xiaomei@qq.com”)
.with(GirlFriend::setHairColor, “浅棕色带点微卷”)
.with(GirlFriend::addHobby, “逛街”)
.with(GirlFriend::addHobby, “购物”)
.with(GirlFriend::addHobby, “买器械”)
.with(GirlFriend::addGift, “恋人节礼品”, “LBR 1912女王时代”)
.with(GirlFriend::addGift, “诞辰礼品”, “迪奥烈焰蓝金”)
.with(GirlFriend::addGift, “纪念日礼品”, “阿玛尼红管唇釉”)
// 等等等等 。..
.build();
}
}
看到了吗!实例化和属性设置在同一条语句履行,链式操作,一路点点点,清爽!
Talk is cheap, show me the code:
/**
* 通用的 Builder 模式构建器
*
* @author: CipherCui
* @since 2019/8/29
*/public class Builder《T》 {
private final Supplier《T》 instantiator;
private List《Consumer《T》》 modifiers = new ArrayList《》();
public Builder(Supplier《T》 instantiator) {
this.instantiator = instantiator;
}
public static 《T》 Builder《T》 of(Supplier《T》 instantiator) {
return new Builder《》(instantiator);
}
public 《P1》 Builder《T》 with(Consumer1《T, P1》 consumer, P1 p1) {
Consumer《T》 c = instance -》 consumer.accept(instance, p1);
modifiers.add(c);
return this;
}
public 《P1, P2》 Builder《T》 with(Consumer2《T, P1, P2》 consumer, P1 p1, P2 p2) {
Consumer《T》 c = instance -》 consumer.accept(instance, p1, p2);
modifiers.add(c);
return this;
}
public 《P1, P2, P3》 Builder《T》 with(Consumer3《T, P1, P2, P3》 consumer, P1 p1, P2 p2, P3 p3) {
Consumer《T》 c = instance -》 consumer.accept(instance, p1, p2, p3);
modifiers.add(c);
return this;
}
public T build() {
T value = http://www.elecfans.com/d/instantiator.get();
modifiers.forEach(modifier -》 modifier.accept(value));
modifiers.clear();
return value;
}
/**
* 1 参数 Consumer
*/
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Consumer1《T, P1》 {
void accept(T t, P1 p1);
}
/**
* 2 参数 Consumer
*/
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Consumer2《T, P1, P2》 {
void accept(T t, P1 p1, P2 p2);
}
/**
* 3 参数 Consumer
*/
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Consumer3《T, P1, P2, P3》 {
void accept(T t, P1 p1, P2 p2, P3 p3);
}
}
这个示例最多支撑三个参数的设置属性办法,也完全够用了。假如要扩大也很轻易,依葫芦画瓢,添加多个参数的Consumer。
义务编辑:haq